Día 254 · Pasiva en presente simple y continuo
⏱️ Duración total: ~3 h 15 min — Clase 60 min · Ejercicios 60 min · Reto 60 min · Quiz ~15 min. Puedes dividirlo en varias sesiones el mismo día.
🎯 Objetivo del día
- Al terminar dominarás el presente simple pasivo (is/are + participio) en afirmativa, negativa y pregunta.
- Aprenderás el presente continuo pasivo (is/are being + participio).
- Distinguirás is built (hecho habitual/permanente) de is being built (en proceso ahora).
- Usarás la pasiva para hablar de procesos y noticias actuales.
- Evitarás los errores típicos con being.
📖 Clase (60 min)
Introducción y contexto
Ayer construiste la base: sujeto + to be + participio. Hoy añadimos el primer matiz importante de B2: la diferencia entre algo que se hace habitualmente y algo que se está haciendo justo ahora. En español usamos "se construye" para ambos casos y el contexto aclara; el inglés es más preciso y tiene dos estructuras distintas:
- The road is repaired every summer. → presente simple pasivo (rutina, verdad general).
- The road is being repaired at the moment. → presente continuo pasivo (en curso ahora).
Esta distinción es muy frecuente en noticias y reportes: A new vaccine is being developed (se está desarrollando ahora), Vaccines are tested before approval (se prueban en general).
Explicación detallada (regla por regla)
Regla 1 — Presente simple pasivo (repaso y dominio). Fórmula: am / is / are + participio pasado.
- Coffee is grown in Colombia.
- Decisions are made by the board.
- Negativa: The data is not stored here.
- Pregunta: Are the products tested?
Regla 2 — Presente continuo pasivo. Recuerda el continuo activo: is/are + -ing (They are building a bridge). Para la pasiva insertas being + participio: Fórmula: am / is / are + being + participio pasado.
- Activa: They are building a new bridge.
- Pasiva: A new bridge is being built. (Se está construyendo un puente nuevo.)
- The problem is being investigated right now.
- Several houses are being renovated on my street.
Regla 3 — La "doble lógica" de la fórmula. Toda pasiva = be + participio. En el continuo, el verbo principal de la activa (build) va en participio (built) y el continuo lo aporta be + being:
activa is building → pasiva is being built
Fíjate: el -ing desaparece del verbo principal y se traslada a being. Esto es lo que más cuesta al hispanohablante.
Regla 4 — Negativa y pregunta del continuo pasivo.
- Negativa: The road is not being repaired today.
- Pregunta: Is the road being repaired? / Why is the bridge being closed?
Regla 5 — Cuándo usar cada uno.
| Usa presente SIMPLE pasivo | Usa presente CONTINUO pasivo |
|---|---|
| Hábito / rutina: The office is cleaned daily. | Acción en curso ahora: The office is being cleaned (now). |
| Verdad general: Wine is made from grapes. | Cambio temporal: The system is being updated this week. |
| Procesos fijos: Passports are checked at the gate. | Noticia reciente: A solution is being discussed. |
Vocabulario clave
| English | Pronunciación aprox. | Español |
|---|---|---|
| to be being built | tu bi bíing bilt | estar siendo construido |
| to be being repaired | tu bi bíing ripérd | estar siendo reparado |
| to be being investigated | tu bi bíing invéstigueitid | estar siendo investigado |
| to be being renovated | tu bi bíing rénoveitid | estar siendo renovado |
| to be being developed | tu bi bíing divélopt | estar siendo desarrollado |
| to be being discussed | tu bi bíing discásd | estar siendo discutido |
| to be being tested | tu bi bíing téstid | estar siendo probado |
| to be being updated | tu bi bíing apdéitid | estar siendo actualizado |
| at the moment | at de móument | en este momento |
| currently | cárentli | actualmente |
| right now | ráit nau | ahora mismo |
| nowadays | náuadeis | hoy en día |
| under construction | ánder constrákshon | en construcción |
| process | próuses | proceso |
| stage | stéich | etapa, fase |
| to handle | tu hándl | gestionar, manejar |
Gramática a fondo
| Forma | Estructura | Ejemplo |
|---|---|---|
| Pres. simple pasivo (+) | is/are + part. | The bridge is inspected yearly. |
| Pres. simple pasivo (−) | is/are + not + part. | It isn't inspected in winter. |
| Pres. simple pasivo (?) | Is/Are + S + part.? | Is it inspected? |
| Pres. continuo pasivo (+) | is/are + being + part. | The bridge is being inspected now. |
| Pres. continuo pasivo (−) | is/are + not + being + part. | It isn't being inspected today. |
| Pres. continuo pasivo (?) | Is/Are + S + being + part.? | Is it being inspected? |
Pronunciación y notas de uso
Being se pronuncia /ˈbiː.ɪŋ/ (bíing), dos sílabas, con la /i/ larga. En habla rápida casi suena "bin". No lo confundas con been (bin, participio de be) — eso lo veremos en perfecto. Is being a menudo se dice "izbíing".
Errores comunes del hispanohablante
- ❌ A house is being build. → ✓ A house is being built. (participio, no infinitivo)
- ❌ The road is repairing now. → ✓ The road is being repaired now. (no es activo)
- ❌ They are being renovate the house. → ✓ The house is being renovated.
- ❌ Is being repaired the road? → ✓ Is the road being repaired? (orden)
- ❌ The system is been updated. → ✓ The system is being updated. (being, no been en presente continuo)
- ❌ Usar continuo para hábitos: The office is being cleaned every day → ✓ ...is cleaned every day.
Mini-diálogo de ejemplo
Journalist: Why is the main road closed today? Officer: It is being resurfaced. New asphalt is laid every five years. Journalist: And the old bridge? Officer: It is being inspected right now. Bridges are checked twice a year. Journalist: When is the road going to be reopened? Officer: Tomorrow. The work is being finished tonight.
Traducción: —¿Por qué está cerrada la carretera principal hoy? —Está siendo reasfaltada. El asfalto nuevo se pone cada cinco años. —¿Y el puente viejo? —Está siendo inspeccionado ahora mismo. Los puentes se revisan dos veces al año. —¿Cuándo se reabrirá la carretera? —Mañana. El trabajo se está terminando esta noche.
✍️ Ejercicios (60 min)
Bloque 1 — Simple o continuo pasivo (10 min)
Elige la forma correcta:
- Look! A new shop ______ (open / is being opened) next to the bank.
- Bread ______ (is baked / is being baked) here every morning.
- The report ______ (is being written / is written) right now.
- Cars ______ (are washed / are being washed) at this garage every day.
- Quiet, please — the lesson ______ (is recorded / is being recorded) at the moment.
Bloque 2 — Pasa a pasiva (presente continuo) (12 min)
- They are building a new airport.
- Someone is repairing the lift.
- They are testing the new software.
- Workers are renovating the museum.
- The team is discussing the proposal.
Bloque 3 — Pasa a pasiva (presente simple) (8 min)
- They check passports at the gate.
- People speak three languages here.
- The company doesn't sell that model anymore.
- Do they clean the windows every week?
Bloque 4 — Traducción Español → Inglés (12 min)
- Se está construyendo un hospital nuevo.
- El sistema se actualiza cada mes.
- ¿Se está investigando el caso?
- Las habitaciones se limpian cada mañana.
- El problema se está discutiendo ahora mismo.
Bloque 5 — Corrige el error (8 min)
- The house is being build now.
- The streets is cleaned every night.
- A solution is discuss at the moment.
- Is being tested the app?
Bloque 6 — Producción escrita (10 min)
Imagina que eres reportero. Escribe 5 frases sobre obras o cambios "en curso" en tu barrio usando presente continuo pasivo.
Ver soluciones
B1: 1. is being opened · 2. is baked · 3. is being written · 4. are washed · 5. is being recorded
B2: 1. A new airport is being built. · 2. The lift is being repaired. · 3. The new software is being tested. · 4. The museum is being renovated. · 5. The proposal is being discussed.
B3: 1. Passports are checked at the gate. · 2. Three languages are spoken here. · 3. That model isn't sold anymore. · 4. Are the windows cleaned every week?
B4: 1. A new hospital is being built. · 2. The system is updated every month. · 3. Is the case being investigated? · 4. The rooms are cleaned every morning. · 5. The problem is being discussed right now.
B5: 1. ...is being built. · 2. The streets are cleaned... · 3. ...is being discussed... · 4. Is the app being tested?
B6: Respuesta libre. Verifica: is/are being + participio.
🚀 Reto del día (60 min)
"Live news report" — reportaje en directo.
- Imagina que retransmites en directo desde un lugar donde "pasan cosas": una obra, una mudanza, un festival montándose, una reforma.
- Escribe un guion de 8–10 frases mezclando presente continuo pasivo (lo que ocurre ahora) y presente simple pasivo (lo habitual). Ej.: Right now, the stage is being built. Every year, this festival is organized by volunteers…
- Grábate como si fueras periodista (2–3 min), con energía y claridad.
- Marca en tu guion cuáles son continuas y cuáles simples y justifica la elección.
Rúbrica de autoevaluación (0–10):
- Uso correcto de continuo pasivo (being + participio): 0–3
- Contraste correcto simple vs. continuo: 0–3
- Variedad de verbos y vocabulario de proceso: 0–2
- Fluidez y pronunciación de being: 0–2
✅ Quiz (~15 min)
- A new bridge ______ at the moment. a) is built b) is being built c) builds
- Coffee ______ in Brazil. (hábito) a) is being grown b) is grown
- Pasa a pasiva continua: They are repairing the road.
- Negativa: The app is being tested. → ?
- ¿being o been? The car is ______ washed now.
- Traduce: "El museo se está renovando."
- Corrige: The system is updating now.
- Pregunta: Is the report being written? → ¿activa o pasiva?
- ¿Qué aporta being en is being done?
- Traduce: "Las decisiones se toman aquí." (hábito)
Ver respuestas
- b (at the moment → en curso). 2. b (hábito/verdad general). 3. The road is being repaired. 4. The app is not being tested. 5. being (presente continuo). 6. The museum is being renovated. 7. The system is being updated now. 8. Pasiva (continuo pasivo). 9. Marca el aspecto continuo (en curso) dentro de la pasiva. 10. Decisions are made here.
📚 Recursos
- BBC Learning English – Passive voice: present continuous.
- British Council: "Active and passive voice" (con ejercicios graduados).
- Perfect English Grammar: passive exercises (present simple & continuous).
- Diccionario Cambridge: comprueba participios irregulares.
⏭️ Siguiente
Mañana viajamos al pasado: pasiva en pasado simple y continuo (was built / was being built), clave para contar historia, biografías y noticias pasadas.
Quiz
Q "A new bridge ___ at the moment." (en curso ahora)
* is being built
- is built
- builds
Q "Coffee ___ in Brazil." (hábito, verdad general)
* is grown
- is being grown
- is growing
Q Pasa a pasiva continua: "They are repairing the road."
* The road is being repaired.
- The road is repaired.
- The road is being repair.
Q "The car is ___ washed now." ¿being o been?
* being
- been
- be