Día 287 · Repaso de la Semana 41
⏱️ Duración total: ~3 h 15 min — Clase 60 min · Ejercicios 60 min · Reto 60 min · Quiz ~15 min. Puedes dividirlo en varias sesiones el mismo día.
🎯 Objetivo del día
- Al terminar habrás consolidado los condicionales mixtos (A y B) y wish / if only.
- Detectarás y corregirás tus errores recurrentes de la semana.
- Resolverás un examen-práctica integrador tipo C1.
- Distinguirás con seguridad los planos temporales en un texto largo.
- Identificarás qué necesitas reforzar antes de avanzar a los tiempos perfectos continuos.
📖 Clase (60 min)
Introducción y contexto
Cierre de la Semana 41. Esta semana ha sido densa: has aprendido a mezclar planos temporales (condicionales mixtos A y B) y a desear, quejarte y arrepentirte (wish / if only en presente y pasado, should have, regret). Hoy no hay material nuevo: repetimos de forma espaciada para fijar lo aprendido en la memoria a largo plazo.
El repaso espaciado es el motor real del aprendizaje de idiomas: lo que no se reactiva, se olvida. Hoy reactivas todo con un resumen estructurado, un cuadro de autodiagnóstico de errores y un examen-práctica completo. Sé honesto al corregirte: el objetivo no es "aprobar", sino saber exactamente qué dominas y qué no antes de la Semana 42.
Resumen integrado de la semana
1. Repaso condicionales puros (Día 281). 0 (verdad general), 1 (futuro real), 2 (presente hipotético), 3 (pasado imposible). Nunca would tras if; nunca would of.
2. Mixto tipo A — pasado → presente (Día 282). If + had + participio, would + infinitivo. Marcador en el resultado: now, today, still. If I had studied medicine, I would be a doctor now.
3. Mixto tipo B — presente/general → pasado (Día 283). If + pasado simple, would have + participio. Marcador en el resultado: yesterday, then, last year. If I weren't so shy, I would have spoken up.
4. wish / if only sobre el presente (Día 284). wish + pasado/were/could (deseo presente), wish + would (queja por conducta ajena). wish ≠ hope.
5. wish / if only sobre el pasado (Día 285). wish / if only + had + participio (arrepentimiento). Equivale a should/shouldn't have + participio. regret + -ing (lamentar lo hecho) vs. regret + to (formal).
Tabla maestra de estructuras
| Función | Estructura | Ejemplo correcto |
|---|---|---|
| Verdad general | 0: if pres., pres. | If you heat ice, it melts. |
| Futuro real | 1: if pres., will | If it rains, I'll stay. |
| Presente hipotético | 2: if pasado, would | If I had time, I would help. |
| Pasado imposible | 3: if had+p., would have | If I'd studied, I'd have passed. |
| Pasado → presente | Mixto A | If I'd saved, I'd be rich now. |
| Carácter → pasado | Mixto B | If I were braver, I'd have asked. |
| Deseo presente | wish + pasado/were/could | I wish I knew it. |
| Queja conducta ajena | wish + would | I wish he would call. |
| Arrepentimiento | wish + had + p. | I wish I had studied. |
| Crítica acción pasada | should(n't) have + p. | I shouldn't have lied. |
Autodiagnóstico: tus errores más probables
| ✗ Incorrecto | ✓ Correcto | Por qué |
|---|---|---|
| If I would have time... | If I had time... | Nunca would tras if |
| If I would have studied... | If I had studied... | Condición 3.ª = had + part. |
| I wish I would be taller | I wish I were taller | wish + would solo para conducta ajena |
| I wish you pass | I hope you pass | wish ≠ hope |
| I wish I studied (arrepentimiento) | I wish I had studied | Pasado → had + participio |
| I should of gone | I should have gone | have, no of |
| If only I would have known | If only I had known | had, no would have |
Mini-diálogo de repaso
A: Honestly, if I hadn't changed careers, I would be so bored now. (Sinceramente, si no hubiera cambiado de carrera, estaría aburridísimo ahora.) B: True. But I wish I had started earlier. (Cierto. Pero ojalá hubiera empezado antes.) A: Same. And if I were less impulsive, I wouldn't have wasted two years. (Igual. Y si fuera menos impulsivo, no habría perdido dos años.) B: Well, I wish people wouldn't judge us for changing. (Bueno, ojalá la gente no nos juzgara por cambiar.) A: Agreed. I shouldn't have worried so much about that. (De acuerdo. No debería haberme preocupado tanto por eso.)
✍️ Ejercicios (60 min)
Bloque 1 — Identifica la estructura (8 min)
Etiqueta (0/1/2/3 / mixto A / mixto B / wish pres. / wish pas. / should have):
- If I had listened, I wouldn't be in trouble now.
- I wish I had more patience.
- If she weren't so proud, she would have apologised.
- I shouldn't have signed it.
- If you boil water, it evaporates.
- I wish you would stop complaining.
Bloque 2 — Completa con el tiempo correcto (12 min)
- If I ___ (not / argue) with him yesterday, we ___ (be) friends now.
- I wish I ___ (can) play an instrument.
- If she ___ (be) more careful, she ___ (not / lose) her keys last week.
- I wish I ___ (not / spend) all my savings.
- If we ___ (leave) now, we ___ (catch) the 6 o'clock train.
- I wish my neighbours ___ (turn) the music down.
Bloque 3 — Corrige los errores (10 min)
- If I would have known, I would be there now.
- I wish I would be more organised.
- I wish you pass the test tomorrow.
- If only I would have studied medicine!
- I should of called you.
- If she spoke English, she would get the job last year.
Bloque 4 — Traducción Español → Inglés (12 min)
- Si hubiera ahorrado, ahora sería rico.
- Si no fuera tan tímido, habría hablado.
- Ojalá pudiera viajar más.
- Ojalá no hubiera dicho eso.
- Espero que apruebes el examen.
- No deberías haber mentido.
Bloque 5 — Texto con huecos (10 min)
Completa el párrafo: "When I think about my career, I have regrets. If I (1)___ (study) abroad, I (2)___ (have) more opportunities now. The truth is, if I (3)___ (not / be) so afraid, I (4)___ (apply) for that scholarship back then. I really wish I (5)___ (take) more risks. And honestly, I wish my manager (6)___ (give) me more responsibility. But if I (7)___ (not / make) those mistakes, I (8)___ (not / be) so resilient today."
Bloque 6 — Producción escrita (8 min)
Escribe un párrafo de 8 frases titulado "My biggest 'what if'" usando al menos: 1 mixto A, 1 mixto B, 1 wish presente, 1 wish pasado, 1 should have.
Ver soluciones
B1: 1. mixto A · 2. wish presente · 3. mixto B · 4. should have · 5. condicional 0 · 6. wish + would B2: 1. hadn't argued / would be · 2. could · 3. were / wouldn't have lost · 4. hadn't spent · 5. left / would catch · 6. would turn B3: 1. If I had known, I would be there now. 2. I wish I were more organised. 3. I hope you pass the test tomorrow. 4. If only I had studied medicine! 5. I should have called you. 6. If she spoke English, she would have got the job last year. B4: 1. If I had saved, I would be rich now. 2. If I weren't so shy, I would have spoken. 3. I wish I could travel more. 4. I wish I hadn't said that. 5. I hope you pass the exam. 6. You shouldn't have lied. B5: 1. had studied · 2. would have · 3. weren't · 4. would have applied · 5. had taken · 6. would give · 7. hadn't made · 8. wouldn't be B6: Respuesta libre.
🚀 Reto del día (60 min)
Examen-práctica integrador Semana 41 (sin apuntes).
- Parte A — Gramática (20 min): sin mirar la clase, haz de nuevo los Bloques 2 y 3 de hoy en una hoja limpia. Corrige y anota tu puntuación (/12).
- Parte B — Escritura (20 min): escribe un texto de 150–180 palabras: "If my life had gone differently..." usando como mínimo 6 estructuras distintas de la tabla maestra. Subráyalas.
- Parte C — Speaking (15 min): grábate hablando 2 minutos respondiendo: "What do you wish were different about your present, and what do you regret about your past?" Sin leer.
- Autoevaluación (5 min): rellena la rúbrica y decide tu plan.
Rúbrica (0–10):
- Parte A — aciertos gramaticales: 0–3
- Parte B — variedad y corrección de estructuras: 0–3
- Parte C — fluidez y precisión hablando: 0–2
- Distinción correcta de planos temporales (A/B, presente/pasado): 0–1
- Ausencia de errores fósiles (if would, should of, wish I would be): 0–1
Plan según resultado: 9–10 → avanza con confianza · 7–8 → repasa la estructura más floja · 5–6 → rehaz los Días 282–285 · <5 → dedica un día extra a mixtos antes de la Semana 42.
✅ Quiz (~15 min)
- Fórmula del mixto tipo A y su eje temporal.
- Fórmula del mixto tipo B y su eje temporal.
- Diferencia entre I wish I had y I should have.
- ¿wish o hope para un deseo realista futuro?
- Corrige: If I would have time, I would help.
- ¿Cuándo se usa wish + would?
- Traduce: Si hubiera estudiado, sería médico ahora.
- Corrige: I wish I studied more last year (es arrepentimiento).
- ¿Qué error hay en should of?
- Diferencia entre regret telling y regret to tell.
Ver respuestas
- If + had + participio, would + infinitivo; pasado → presente. 2. If + pasado simple, would have + participio; presente/general → pasado. 3. Significan casi lo mismo (lamento pasado); wish I had es deseo, should have es crítica/obligación incumplida; ambas describen lo que no pasó. 4. hope. 5. If I had time, I would help. 6. Para quejarse de la conducta o hábito de otra persona/cosa y desear que cambie. 7. If I had studied, I would be a doctor now. 8. I wish I had studied more last year. 9. Debe ser have (should've), no of. 10. regret telling = lamentar algo ya dicho; regret to tell = lamentar tener que comunicar algo (formal).
📚 Recursos
- British Council — Conditionals & wish (test yourself): https://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/grammar
- BBC Learning English — Grammar reference: https://www.bbc.co.uk/learningenglish
- Cambridge Dictionary Grammar: https://dictionary.cambridge.org/grammar
⏭️ Siguiente
La próxima semana (Semana 42) entramos en los tiempos perfectos continuos: present perfect continuous y past perfect continuous, para hablar de procesos prolongados, causas y cambios. ¡Sigue así, estás en la recta final del B2+!
Quiz
Q ¿Cuál es la fórmula del condicional mixto tipo A y su eje temporal?
* If + had + participio, would + infinitivo; pasado a presente
- If + pasado simple, would have + participio; presente a pasado
- If + presente, will + infinitivo; presente a futuro
Q ¿Cuándo se usa "wish + would"?
* Para quejarse de la conducta de otra persona y desear que cambie
- Para arrepentirse del pasado
- Para expresar un deseo realista futuro
Q Corrige: "If I would have time, I would help."
* If I had time, I would help.
- If I will have time, I would help.
- If I would had time, I would help.
Q ¿"wish" o "hope" para un deseo realista y posible en el futuro?
* hope
- wish
- if only